I select a portion of the website, which has lots of links and choose to
open the links as tabs.
All the links should open as in the multiple tabs.
I guess this would help me while reading slashdot and similar sites
which has lots of hyperlinks.
http://usr.blogspot.com
All true wisdom is found on T-shirts.
http://uthcode.sarovar.org
Uthcode is back!
I was finally able to upload the files to the sarovar server.
So, uthcode can be accessed using a friendly, easy to remember URL
I was finally able to upload the files to the sarovar server.
So, uthcode can be accessed using a friendly, easy to remember URL
http://uthcode.sarovar.org
Now,time for some more work.Deepest Sender, FireFox, Blogger, Comic Grabber
Using Deepest Sender, a mozilla FireFox Extension for Livejounal.
As I am not a livejournal'ist but more of a blogger, I find it hard to switch or use both at the same time.
There should be one like this for blogger as well is what comes to my mind.
A Comic Graber Extension to Mozilla Firefox would be cool. right.
As I am not a livejournal'ist but more of a blogger, I find it hard to switch or use both at the same time.
There should be one like this for blogger as well is what comes to my mind.
A Comic Graber Extension to Mozilla Firefox would be cool. right.
Power Solutions article
Nice see my first article in the Dell PowerSolutions Journal.
Using Log Messages and alert actions in Dell OpenManage Server Administrator
Its not very technical, can be read and understood with ease.
Hope it is helpful to the system administrators using OpenManage and invokes some curiosity in others.
Hope you enjoy reading it!
Using Log Messages and alert actions in Dell OpenManage Server Administrator
Its not very technical, can be read and understood with ease.
Hope it is helpful to the system administrators using OpenManage and invokes some curiosity in others.
Hope you enjoy reading it!
Linus on taking up and working on open source projects
Nobody should start to undertake a large project. You start with a small
_trivial_ project, and you should never expect it to get large. If you
do, you'll just overdesign and generally think it is more important than
it likely is at that stage. Or worse, you might be scared away by the
sheer size of the work you envision.
So start small, and think about the details. Don't think about some big
picture and fancy design. If it doesn't solve some fairly immediate
need, it's almost certainly over-designed. And don't expect people to
jump in and help you. That's not how these things work. You need to get
something half-way _useful_ first, and then others will say "hey, that
_almost_ works for me", and they'll get involved in the project.
And if there is anything I've learnt from Linux, it's that projects have
a life of their own, and you should _not_ try to enforce your "vision"
too strongly on them. Most often you're wrong anyway, and if you're not
flexible and willing to take input from others (and willing to change
direction when it turned out your vision was flawed), you'll never get
anything good done.
In other words, be willing to admit your mistakes, and don't expect to
get anywhere big in any kind of short timeframe. I've been doing Linux
for thirteen years, and I expect to do it for quite some time still. If
I had _expected_ to do something that big, I'd never have started. It
started out small and insignificant, and that's how I thought about it.
- Linus Benedict Torvalds
_trivial_ project, and you should never expect it to get large. If you
do, you'll just overdesign and generally think it is more important than
it likely is at that stage. Or worse, you might be scared away by the
sheer size of the work you envision.
So start small, and think about the details. Don't think about some big
picture and fancy design. If it doesn't solve some fairly immediate
need, it's almost certainly over-designed. And don't expect people to
jump in and help you. That's not how these things work. You need to get
something half-way _useful_ first, and then others will say "hey, that
_almost_ works for me", and they'll get involved in the project.
And if there is anything I've learnt from Linux, it's that projects have
a life of their own, and you should _not_ try to enforce your "vision"
too strongly on them. Most often you're wrong anyway, and if you're not
flexible and willing to take input from others (and willing to change
direction when it turned out your vision was flawed), you'll never get
anything good done.
In other words, be willing to admit your mistakes, and don't expect to
get anywhere big in any kind of short timeframe. I've been doing Linux
for thirteen years, and I expect to do it for quite some time still. If
I had _expected_ to do something that big, I'd never have started. It
started out small and insignificant, and that's how I thought about it.
- Linus Benedict Torvalds
Reliance Internet connection over Fedora Core2
Wow! I was able to connect at last the LG LSP -340E Reliance to
Internet (Rconnect ISP). The problem was, I was able to establish a connection, but when fired up a browser, it said Alert site not found. As if no connection was present.
Checked the /var/log/messages, the IP is assigned.
The problem is /etc/resolv.conf is not getting a proper Nameserver address when using Reliance Phone on Fedora Core 2. ( I am not sure, if this the limitation of script I tried, limitation of Fedora Core 2 - Rconnect or a general problem with Reliance ISP on any Linux box).
The following information helped.
Essentially to add these nameserver addresses in your /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 202.138.97.193
nameserver 202.138.96.2
The script I used was rconnect-cmdline-1.0.tar.
Just google for it, you might get it, if not leave a comment, shall
pass that along.
Internet (Rconnect ISP). The problem was, I was able to establish a connection, but when fired up a browser, it said Alert site not found. As if no connection was present.
Checked the /var/log/messages, the IP is assigned.
The problem is /etc/resolv.conf is not getting a proper Nameserver address when using Reliance Phone on Fedora Core 2. ( I am not sure, if this the limitation of script I tried, limitation of Fedora Core 2 - Rconnect or a general problem with Reliance ISP on any Linux box).
The following information helped.
Essentially to add these nameserver addresses in your /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 202.138.97.193
nameserver 202.138.96.2
The script I used was rconnect-cmdline-1.0.tar.
Just google for it, you might get it, if not leave a comment, shall
pass that along.
Cubes and Squares
There are two whole numbers,difference of their squares is a cube and difference of their cubes is a square.
These are the smallest possible numbers.
These are the smallest possible numbers.
Linux Networking-HOWTO
I feel glad that I would be maintaining the Linux Networking-HOWTO at TLDP.
The Document is In-Progress state and I will be working on it (and enjoying it:) for sometime now.
The Document is In-Progress state and I will be working on it (and enjoying it:) for sometime now.
Debian Sarge
Tried Debian Sarge today. Long had a thought of seeing debian work completely. Tried on a PE1750 installed all the megaraid2 modules and everything went fine. I found few media error while installation. But could get to shell at last.
Startx did not work saying:
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xinit/xserverrc: line 2 /usr/bin/X11/X No File or directory
..
..
xinit: No such file or directory (error no2): unable to connect to X server.
Solution: as usual help from Google.
apt-get install x-window-system-core
But this failed at xfonts-base because media copy had some errors with the package.
So burnt another CD for bin 1 and this time only apt-get install xfonts-base.
Yo! debian and X is up and running.
Btw, for the first timer, Debian 1 CD is enough for the system to be up and running; dont know what the others contain.
* They still use more as the default pager for man pages when I feel less far more confortable.
Startx did not work saying:
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xinit/xserverrc: line 2 /usr/bin/X11/X No File or directory
..
..
xinit: No such file or directory (error no2): unable to connect to X server.
Solution: as usual help from Google.
apt-get install x-window-system-core
But this failed at xfonts-base because media copy had some errors with the package.
So burnt another CD for bin 1 and this time only apt-get install xfonts-base.
Yo! debian and X is up and running.
Btw, for the first timer, Debian 1 CD is enough for the system to be up and running; dont know what the others contain.
* They still use more as the default pager for man pages when I feel less far more confortable.
cdrecord in Fedora Core 2
The command (for my system) is:
/usr/bin/cdrecord -v gracetime=2 dev=/dev/hdc speed=32 -dao driveropts=burnfree -eject -data <filename>
Previously the device was got by cdrecord -scanbus,but there were problems when given device from scanbus -dev=ATAPI 1,0,0 ( or do I not remember)
Anyway K3B helped and is helping a long way.!
/usr/bin/cdrecord -v gracetime=2 dev=/dev/hdc speed=32 -dao driveropts=burnfree -eject -data <filename>
Previously the device was got by cdrecord -scanbus,but there were problems when given device from scanbus -dev=ATAPI 1,0,0 ( or do I not remember)
Anyway K3B helped and is helping a long way.!
Fortune Program for Fedora Core 2
Kindly download it from rpmfind.net.
Fortune-mod contains the ever-popular fortune program, which will
display quotes or witticisms. Fun-loving system administrators can add
fortune to users' .login files, so that the users get their dose of
wisdom each time they log in.
Think sideways!
Fortune-mod contains the ever-popular fortune program, which will
display quotes or witticisms. Fun-loving system administrators can add
fortune to users' .login files, so that the users get their dose of
wisdom each time they log in.
Think sideways!
-- Ed De Bono
Enjoy Armagetron!
After a long time I played Armagetron again.
Highly enjoyable game and recommended to all!!
In case you are having problems compiling in Fedora Core 2, follow these comments in this bug.
In this game, you ride a lightcycle around the game grid. You can only make sharp turns of 90 degrees and a wall constantly builds up after you. Make your enemies crash into your wall, but be aware that they are trying to do the same to you. Only if you are fast enough, you may be able to trap them; but the only way to speed up your lightcycle is to drive close to the dangerous walls. Prepare for exciting strategic preparations followed by action-packed close combat!
Highly enjoyable game and recommended to all!!
In case you are having problems compiling in Fedora Core 2, follow these comments in this bug.
In this game, you ride a lightcycle around the game grid. You can only make sharp turns of 90 degrees and a wall constantly builds up after you. Make your enemies crash into your wall, but be aware that they are trying to do the same to you. Only if you are fast enough, you may be able to trap them; but the only way to speed up your lightcycle is to drive close to the dangerous walls. Prepare for exciting strategic preparations followed by action-packed close combat!
Wallpaper for X when running TWM
I was trying to change the default wallpaper, when I am using TWM.
TWM, does not has a wallpaper by itself and the default wallpaper of X is displayed at all times.
How to change it?
Found the following information very helpful.
xsetroot could help in getting X bitmap (.xbm) type, but for gpeg and gifs,there was another program called
xv(thanks to that).
Now,my background when running twm set to
xv -quit-root -max /home/ors/hax0r.jpeg
TWM, does not has a wallpaper by itself and the default wallpaper of X is displayed at all times.
How to change it?
Found the following information very helpful.
xsetroot could help in getting X bitmap (.xbm) type, but for gpeg and gifs,there was another program called
xv(thanks to that).
Now,my background when running twm set to
xv -quit-root -max /home/ors/hax0r.jpeg
IE and XP Tweaks
If you are amazed by Mozilla Custom Keywords, then heres the same in M$ Internet Explorer
Copy the following in yourFavorite Editor.
Save the File with the extention as .reg (which means it is a Registry File)
Execute the file, Registry entry will be Installed.
Open your IE and in the address bar, type g Love and Machines
Yo!
(Information on tweaks is available here.)
So, the custom keyword functionality is set in your IE. btw, unless it is absolutely neccessary, try consider going for a better browser
Windows Xp seems to have some PowerToys.
A good one was desktop Panel,wherein we have 4 desktops ( similar to Linux distros provide default :)
REGEDIT4
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\SearchUrl]
"provider"=""
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\SearchUrl\g]
@="http://www.google.com/search?query=%s"
" "="+"
"#"="%23"
"&"="%26"
"?"="%3F"
"+"="%2B"
"="="%3D"
"/"="%2F"
"%"="%24
(Information on tweaks is available here.)
So, the custom keyword functionality is set in your IE. btw, unless it is absolutely neccessary, try consider going for a better browser
Windows Xp seems to have some PowerToys.
A good one was desktop Panel,wherein we have 4 desktops ( similar to Linux distros provide default :)
Re: FOLDOC entry to edit: [Matt : new definition]
Linux Loader
({LILO}) A versatile {bootloader} for
{Linux}, which does not depend on specific {filesystem} and
can {boot} an {operating system}, specifically {kernel image},
from {floppy disks} and {hard disks}. LILO can even be used as
the {master boot record}.
At the system boot, only the {BIOS} {Drivers} are available
for LILO to access hard disks.For this reason,in very old
BIOSes, the accessible area is limited to the cylinders 0 to
1023 of the first two hard disks.For later BIOSes,LILO can use
32-bit {logical block addressing} to acccess the entire range
allowed by the BIOS.
{Grub} is another bootloader widely used in Linux systems.
(LILO Home Page (http://lilo.go.dyndns.org/).
(2004-08-11)
---------- End of Definition -----------------------
Hi Denis,
How are you doing? Hope you are doing well.
That was the LILO entry for FOLDOC.
And I am ready to take the next.
Kudos and keep your good work going.
Thanks!
Senthil
--
O.R.Senthil Kumaran
Engineer, Dell Product Group
OpenManage Product Test
Denis Howe wrote:
>------- Start of forwarded message -------
>From: Matt
>To: Denis Howe, Matt
>Subject: new definition
>X-Host: user-24-214-169-13.knology.net
>X-Url: editing
>X-Browser: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
>Sender: Denis Howe
>Date: Mon, 05 Jan 2004 20:20:24 +0000
>
>new definition
>
>Linux Loader (or Lilo)
>
>I have found a new definition.
>http://www.acm.uiuc.edu/workshops/linux_install/lilo.html
>
>
>LILO - The Linux Loader
> >From the LILO README:
>
>LILO is a versatile boot loader for Linux. It does not depend on a
>specific file system, can boot Linux kernel images from floppy disks
>and hard disks, and can even boot other operating systems. One of up
>to sixteen differernt images can be selected at boot time. Various
>parameters, such as the root device, can be set indepenantly for each
>kernel. LILO can even be used as the master boot record.
>
>------- End of forwarded message -------
>
>--
>Denis Howe
>Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing
>http://www.foldoc.org/
>
>
>
{Linux}, which does not depend on specific {filesystem} and
can {boot} an {operating system}, specifically {kernel image},
from {floppy disks} and {hard disks}. LILO can even be used as
the {master boot record}.
At the system boot, only the {BIOS} {Drivers} are available
for LILO to access hard disks.For this reason,in very old
BIOSes, the accessible area is limited to the cylinders 0 to
1023 of the first two hard disks.For later BIOSes,LILO can use
32-bit {logical block addressing} to acccess the entire range
allowed by the BIOS.
{Grub} is another bootloader widely used in Linux systems.
(LILO Home Page (http://lilo.go.dyndns.org/).
(2004-08-11)
---------- End of Definition -----------------------
Hi Denis,
How are you doing? Hope you are doing well.
That was the LILO entry for FOLDOC.
And I am ready to take the next.
Kudos and keep your good work going.
Thanks!
Senthil
--
O.R.Senthil Kumaran
Engineer, Dell Product Group
OpenManage Product Test
Denis Howe wrote:
>------- Start of forwarded message -------
>From: Matt
>To: Denis Howe
>Subject: new definition
>X-Host: user-24-214-169-13.knology.net
>X-Url: editing
>X-Browser: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
>Sender: Denis Howe
>Date: Mon, 05 Jan 2004 20:20:24 +0000
>
>new definition
>
>Linux Loader (or Lilo)
>
>I have found a new definition.
>http://www.acm.uiuc.edu/workshops/linux_install/lilo.html
>
>
>LILO - The Linux Loader
> >From the LILO README:
>
>LILO is a versatile boot loader for Linux. It does not depend on a
>specific file system, can boot Linux kernel images from floppy disks
>and hard disks, and can even boot other operating systems. One of up
>to sixteen differernt images can be selected at boot time. Various
>parameters, such as the root device, can be set indepenantly for each
>kernel. LILO can even be used as the master boot record.
>
>------- End of forwarded message -------
>
>--
>Denis Howe
>Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing
>http://www.foldoc.org/
>
>
>
What makes a cluster a Beowulf?
spent some time on this page today..
What makes a cluster a Beowulf?
Cluster is a widely-used term meaning independent computers combined into a unified system through software and networking. At the most fundamental level, when two or more computers are used together to solve a problem, it is considered a cluster. Clusters are typically used for High Availability (HA) for greater reliability or High Performance Computing (HPC) to provide greater computational power than a single computer can provide.
Beowulf Clusters are scalable performance clusters based on commodity hardware, on a private system network, with open source software (Linux) infrastructure. The designer can improve performance proportionally with added machines. The commodity hardware can be any of a number of mass-market, stand-alone compute nodes as simple as two networked computers each running Linux and sharing a file system or as complex as 1024 nodes with a high-speed, low-latency network.
Class I clusters are built entirely using commodity hardware and software using standard technology such as SCSI, Ethernet, and IDE. They are typically less expensive than Class II clusters which may use specialized hardware to achieve higher performance.
Common uses are traditional technical applications such as simulations, biotechnology, and petro-clusters; financial market modeling, data mining and stream processing; and Internet servers for audio and games.
Beowulf programs are usually written using languages such as C and FORTRAN. They use message passing to achieve parallel computations. See Beowulf History for more information on the development of the Beowulf architecture.
What makes a cluster a Beowulf?
Cluster is a widely-used term meaning independent computers combined into a unified system through software and networking. At the most fundamental level, when two or more computers are used together to solve a problem, it is considered a cluster. Clusters are typically used for High Availability (HA) for greater reliability or High Performance Computing (HPC) to provide greater computational power than a single computer can provide.
Beowulf Clusters are scalable performance clusters based on commodity hardware, on a private system network, with open source software (Linux) infrastructure. The designer can improve performance proportionally with added machines. The commodity hardware can be any of a number of mass-market, stand-alone compute nodes as simple as two networked computers each running Linux and sharing a file system or as complex as 1024 nodes with a high-speed, low-latency network.
Class I clusters are built entirely using commodity hardware and software using standard technology such as SCSI, Ethernet, and IDE. They are typically less expensive than Class II clusters which may use specialized hardware to achieve higher performance.
Common uses are traditional technical applications such as simulations, biotechnology, and petro-clusters; financial market modeling, data mining and stream processing; and Internet servers for audio and games.
Beowulf programs are usually written using languages such as C and FORTRAN. They use message passing to achieve parallel computations. See Beowulf History for more information on the development of the Beowulf architecture.
Googlizer
If you have been using Google Deskbar, you ofcourse know, how useful and how handy it is. Three Cheers to Google again.
And as Linux user, I have always wanted such thing for my box.
when looking for some muttrc files, stumbled upon this excellent home page of Telsa,her config files are really cool and helpful a lot.
Therein I got the link to Googlizer
written by her husband Alan Cox.
Googlizer is very easy to set up and when on X, if you have to google for any term, just highlight using your mouse and and click on the Googlizer in the panel, your default browser will openup with the search.
Mozilla/Firefox already have a right button menu for searching Google for the highlighed term (Good thing), but Googlizer extends this to all applications under X, for example I open a man page over gnome-terminal and would like search google for some term in it, then I would just highlight then and press Googlizer :) Yo
And as Linux user, I have always wanted such thing for my box.
when looking for some muttrc files, stumbled upon this excellent home page of Telsa,her config files are really cool and helpful a lot.
Therein I got the link to Googlizer
written by her husband Alan Cox.
Googlizer is very easy to set up and when on X, if you have to google for any term, just highlight using your mouse and and click on the Googlizer in the panel, your default browser will openup with the search.
Mozilla/Firefox already have a right button menu for searching Google for the highlighed term (Good thing), but Googlizer extends this to all applications under X, for example I open a man page over gnome-terminal and would like search google for some term in it, then I would just highlight then and press Googlizer :) Yo
A Sneak through the Looking Glass
Was hearing about this Project Looking Glass for sometime.
The idea itself was facsinating and just imagine how it would have been when actually tried on the first day I got the news.
Sun is inviting the community at java.net for this project and the instructions for getting started was really easy.
The idea itself was facsinating and just imagine how it would have been when actually tried on the first day I got the news.
Sun is inviting the community at java.net for this project and the instructions for getting started was really easy.
Mutt + Sendmail + Mail
Mutt + Sendmail + Mail resulted in this :)
---
-----Original Message-----
From: Bill
Sent: Wednesday, August 04, 2004 1:47 AM
To: OR, Senthil
Subject: Invitation.
Dear Senthil,
We are really impressed by your activities. Instead of
losing you to Open Source and Free Software Folks, we would like to
embrace you with the good fortune for working with US.
Hope you consider our proposal.
Regards,
Bill
---
-----Original Message-----
From: Bill
Sent: Wednesday, August 04, 2004 1:47 AM
To: OR, Senthil
Subject: Invitation.
Dear Senthil,
We are really impressed by your activities. Instead of
losing you to Open Source and Free Software Folks, we would like to
embrace you with the good fortune for working with US.
Hope you consider our proposal.
Regards,
Bill
New Messages in All Folders of IMAP in Mozilla Mail
If you are using Mozilla mail over IMAP and have wondered that it is not
Highlighting New Messages on the folders and subfolders of IMAP except
INBOX, then here is thing you got to do.
* Go to each Folder - Right Click- Properties and Select the Option
Check for New Messages in the folder.
There is a Bug Open
18266
for this kind of behaviour and a patch supplied.
Not tried with the Patch yet. But hope that this feature/features
discussed in the bug becomes available with future Mozilla releases as
default.
Hey, its very much possible for a user to expect that new mails will
be checked in all folders and subfolders of IMAP and he should say so
explicitly.
Highlighting New Messages on the folders and subfolders of IMAP except
INBOX, then here is thing you got to do.
* Go to each Folder - Right Click- Properties and Select the Option
Check for New Messages in the folder.
There is a Bug Open
18266
for this kind of behaviour and a patch supplied.
Not tried with the Patch yet. But hope that this feature/features
discussed in the bug becomes available with future Mozilla releases as
default.
Hey, its very much possible for a user to expect that new mails will
be checked in all folders and subfolders of IMAP and he should say so
explicitly.
Read LG#104
Quickly read and completed the
LinuxGazatte #104.
Linux on Low End systems had suggestions for trying different kinds of
window managers.
some discussion on linux on assembly.
There were lots of chat like discussions educating users,but I guess
they would be more informative only when read more patiently.
kgpg was of help and I sent a mail to the author.
hope to check more and even contribute some.
LinuxGazatte #104.
Linux on Low End systems had suggestions for trying different kinds of
window managers.
some discussion on linux on assembly.
There were lots of chat like discussions educating users,but I guess
they would be more informative only when read more patiently.
kgpg was of help and I sent a mail to the author.
hope to check more and even contribute some.
Unix Founding Fathers
This article about dmr and Bell Lab days is very interesting.
...
Another factor helped the duo of C and Unix to spread much faster than they otherwise would have. AT&T was required under the terms of a 1958 court order in an antitrust case to license its non-telephone-related technology to anyone who asked. And so Unix and C were distributed, mostly to universities, for only a nominal fee. When one considers the ineptness of AT&T's later attempts to commercialise Unix—after the court order ceased to be applicable because of another antitrust case which broke up AT&T in 1984—this restriction, an accidental boost to what would later become known as the open-source movement, becomes even more crucial.
...
|
...
Another factor helped the duo of C and Unix to spread much faster than they otherwise would have. AT&T was required under the terms of a 1958 court order in an antitrust case to license its non-telephone-related technology to anyone who asked. And so Unix and C were distributed, mostly to universities, for only a nominal fee. When one considers the ineptness of AT&T's later attempts to commercialise Unix—after the court order ceased to be applicable because of another antitrust case which broke up AT&T in 1984—this restriction, an accidental boost to what would later become known as the open-source movement, becomes even more crucial.
...
Shell script exit code
I just checked with few resources and could come up
with this.
> *man system *:
>
>
> The return status of *wait(2) *consists of 2 parts, packed into a
> single 16 bit unsigned integer.
> a) a Signal Status that indicates why process terminated.
> b) the process termination value as returned by main or given to exit.
>
> So exit 1 in the script, which executed normally, *might* be a) 0x00
> b) as 0x01
> 0000 0001 0000 0000 which is 256
> exit 2 will be like 0000 0010 0000 0000 which is 512
> etc...
>
> So, the System call in the C Program is giving us the returnstatus of
> wait(2) for the script executed.
>
> But as the manual says, the exit code of the command will be
> WEXITSTATUS(status).
>
> So,
> #include
>
> int retcode = WEXITSTATUS(system(cmdline));
>
> gives the values returned by exit in the script.
> Regards,
> Senthil
>
>> If I write a c program which calls a shell script, I'm noticing that
>> the return code is a multiple of 256. Any idea why?
>>
>> #include
>> int main ()
>> {
>> char cmdline[50] = "source myscript.sh";
>> int retcode = system(cmdline);
>> printf("Returned %d\n", retcode);
>> return 0;
>> }
>>
>> #!/bin/bash
>> exit 0 --> returns 0 in the c code
>>
>> #!/bin/bash
>> exit 1 --> returns 256 in the c code
>>
>> #!/bin/bash
>> exit 2 --> returns 512 in the c code
>>
>> #!/bin/bash
>> exit 13 --> returns 3328 in the c code
>>
>>
>>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
with this.
> *man system *:
>
> The value returned is -1 on error (e.g. fork failed), and the
> return
> status of the command otherwise. This latter return status is
> in the
> format specified in wait(2). Thus, the exit code of the
> command will
> be WEXITSTATUS(status). In case /bin/sh could not be
> executed, the
> exit status will be that of a command that does exit(127).
>
>
> The return status of *wait(2) *consists of 2 parts, packed into a
> single 16 bit unsigned integer.
> a) a Signal Status that indicates why process terminated.
> b) the process termination value as returned by main or given to exit.
>
> So exit 1 in the script, which executed normally, *might* be a) 0x00
> b) as 0x01
> 0000 0001 0000 0000 which is 256
> exit 2 will be like 0000 0010 0000 0000 which is 512
> etc...
>
> So, the System call in the C Program is giving us the returnstatus of
> wait(2) for the script executed.
>
> But as the manual says, the exit code of the command will be
> WEXITSTATUS(status).
>
> So,
> #include
>
> int retcode = WEXITSTATUS(system(cmdline));
>
> gives the values returned by exit in the script.
> Regards,
> Senthil
>
>> If I write a c program which calls a shell script, I'm noticing that
>> the return code is a multiple of 256. Any idea why?
>>
>> #include
>> int main ()
>> {
>> char cmdline[50] = "source myscript.sh";
>> int retcode = system(cmdline);
>> printf("Returned %d\n", retcode);
>> return 0;
>> }
>>
>> #!/bin/bash
>> exit 0 --> returns 0 in the c code
>>
>> #!/bin/bash
>> exit 1 --> returns 256 in the c code
>>
>> #!/bin/bash
>> exit 2 --> returns 512 in the c code
>>
>> #!/bin/bash
>> exit 13 --> returns 3328 in the c code
>>
>>
>>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
How to Create a tar file
Suppose you have
1.c
2.c
3.c
To create tar file of name *codes.tar*, the command is
tar -cf codes.tar 1.c 2.c 3.c
c option stands for create.
f for file
tar -czf codes.tgz 1.c 2.c 3.c will create a compressed tarred file.
Now for extracting these is this command
tar xvf codes.tar
tar xvzf codes.tgz
f should go along with filename.
1.c
2.c
3.c
To create tar file of name *codes.tar*, the command is
tar -cf codes.tar 1.c 2.c 3.c
c option stands for create.
f for file
tar -czf codes.tgz 1.c 2.c 3.c will create a compressed tarred file.
Now for extracting these is this command
tar xvf codes.tar
tar xvzf codes.tgz
f should go along with filename.
Thanks Sarovar!
Uthcode is back and it going to take a all new shape.
Thanks to Sarovar.org for approving the project request.
Its going to take a hell lot of work now and I am going to enjoy every bit of it. :)
Uthcode is platform for the young developers to cut their teeth.
It provides the snippets of codes for a budding programmer to get started with the programming and enjoy it.
Thanks to Sarovar.org for approving the project request.
Its going to take a hell lot of work now and I am going to enjoy every bit of it. :)
Uthcode is platform for the young developers to cut their teeth.
It provides the snippets of codes for a budding programmer to get started with the programming and enjoy it.
On becoming an expert C programmer
You asked:
``Tell me what I should do in order to keep strong feelings
towards C.''
Permit me to babble out a few random thoughts ...
Write programs for other people.
Where possible, openly publish your code, perhaps on your web site. The
http://freshmeat.net/ site is a good place to announce new code. (It is
a strange web site name, but they are legit and THE place to announce
new code). Support the code that you publish.
Start small and work your way up ... Some of my more popular code is
actually small code fragments that are used by others over and over
again.
Don't be discouraged if nobody (or if only a few people) uses some of
your early programs. What is important is to practice writing quality,
well commented code ... to maintain and fix that code.
.....
I found this really useful and inspirational once again.
http://www.isthe.com/chongo/tech/comp/c/expert.html
Thanks Chongo!
I take it again.
Next Foldoc Entry : LILO
------------
From: Denis Howe
Sent: Sunday, July 11, 2004 5:22 AM
To: OR, Senthil
Subject: FOLDOC entry to edit: new definition]
------- Start of forwarded message -------
From: Matt
To: Denis Howe
Subject: new definition
X-Host: user-24-214-169-13.knology.net
X-Url: editing
X-Browser: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
Sender: Denis Howe
Date: Mon, 05 Jan 2004 20:20:24 +0000
new definition
Linux Loader (or Lilo)
I have found a new definition.
http://www.acm.uiuc.edu/workshops/linux_install/lilo.html
LILO - The Linux Loader
>From the LILO README:
LILO is a versatile boot loader for Linux. It does not depend on a
specific file system, can boot Linux kernel images from floppy disks
and hard disks, and can even boot other operating systems. One of up
to sixteen differernt images can be selected at boot time. Various
parameters, such as the root device, can be set indepenantly for each
kernel. LILO can even be used as the master boot record.
------- End of forwarded message -------
From: Denis Howe
Sent: Sunday, July 11, 2004 5:22 AM
To: OR, Senthil
Subject: FOLDOC entry to edit: new definition]
------- Start of forwarded message -------
From: Matt
To: Denis Howe
Subject: new definition
X-Host: user-24-214-169-13.knology.net
X-Url: editing
X-Browser: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
Sender: Denis Howe
Date: Mon, 05 Jan 2004 20:20:24 +0000
new definition
Linux Loader (or Lilo)
I have found a new definition.
http://www.acm.uiuc.edu/workshops/linux_install/lilo.html
LILO - The Linux Loader
>From the LILO README:
LILO is a versatile boot loader for Linux. It does not depend on a
specific file system, can boot Linux kernel images from floppy disks
and hard disks, and can even boot other operating systems. One of up
to sixteen differernt images can be selected at boot time. Various
parameters, such as the root device, can be set indepenantly for each
kernel. LILO can even be used as the master boot record.
------- End of forwarded message -------
about:mozilla
If you have a Mozilla (not using? Kindly comeout of stoneage, I welcome you)then try about:mozilla in your address bar.
And so at last the beast fell and the unbelievers rejoiced. But all was not lost, for from the ash rose a great bird. The bird gazed down upon the unbelievers and cast fire and thunder upon them. For the beast had been reborn with its strength renewed, and the followers of Mammon cowered in horror.from
The Book of Mozilla, 7:15
And so at last the beast fell and the unbelievers rejoiced. But all was not lost, for from the ash rose a great bird. The bird gazed down upon the unbelievers and cast fire and thunder upon them. For the beast had been reborn with its strength renewed, and the followers of Mammon cowered in horror.from
The Book of Mozilla, 7:15
xircom card module load problem with FC2
I had installed FC2 on the Dell Latitude CPx which I have received to use for few days.
When not connected to network,the boot asked me about the xircom card module and I replied to remove it.
Later I did not know how to load the module back. There is this command modprobe,but I dont know how to use it. Whom should I ask?? :( The Laptop lied inside the desk for a couple of days coz I would not be able to go online with out activating the card.
Trials for restarting the network services gave:
system-config network: xirc2ps_cs device eth0 does not seem to be
present, delaying initialization.
Then decided to just Google it and came across this Bug 123734. Wondered! The same problem has been faced by some other guy as well!
Checked with the details and lead me an already opened bug, But the last section said.
ok, after further testing it appears that by removing the ether nete
configuration in Network configuration and rebooting the laptop. then
creating a new network interface definition repairs this.
note: rebooting without removing the existing device profile does
not repair this, the current device profile must be deleted before
rebooting, then add a new profile.
Did this and Yo! Problem solved. :)
but need to analyze more has this is just a simple and a not so efficient way
When not connected to network,the boot asked me about the xircom card module and I replied to remove it.
Later I did not know how to load the module back. There is this command modprobe,but I dont know how to use it. Whom should I ask?? :( The Laptop lied inside the desk for a couple of days coz I would not be able to go online with out activating the card.
Trials for restarting the network services gave:
system-config network: xirc2ps_cs device eth0 does not seem to be
present, delaying initialization.
Then decided to just Google it and came across this Bug 123734. Wondered! The same problem has been faced by some other guy as well!
Checked with the details and lead me an already opened bug, But the last section said.
ok, after further testing it appears that by removing the ether nete
configuration in Network configuration and rebooting the laptop. then
creating a new network interface definition repairs this.
note: rebooting without removing the existing device profile does
not repair this, the current device profile must be deleted before
rebooting, then add a new profile.
Did this and Yo! Problem solved. :)
but need to analyze more has this is just a simple and a not so efficient way
GPG Key Details
Key ID : 4C88D59C
Key fingerprint = 6C8E 0A4A 64BF 9C70 6034 FD5A 1931 DE09 4C88 D59C
Key Server : pgp.mit.edu
Finishing Work Quickly
When I finish my work quickly, I am usually finding that I get more
interest and I devote my self more to the work.
I should take a hint here.
O.R.Senthil Kumaran
interest and I devote my self more to the work.
I should take a hint here.
O.R.Senthil Kumaran
[Fwd: Re: FOLDOC entry to edit: [Charles T. Marie : Josephson device (i.e. Josephson junction)]]
-----Forwarded Message-----
From: O.R.Senthil Kumaran
To: Denis Howe
Cc: charlesmarie88@hotmail.com
Subject: Re: FOLDOC entry to edit: [Charles T. Marie: Josephson device (i.e. Josephson junction)]
Date: Mon, 28 Jun 2004 22:40:37 +0530
Josepshson Junction
A type of {electronic} {circuit} capable of
switching at very high speeds when operated at temperatures
approaching {absolute zero}.Its low power dissipation factor makes it
useful in {high density computer circuits}.
(2004-06-28)
----
Hi Denis,
Thanks again for providing me the oppurtunity to edit
FOLDOC. I have edited the Josephson Junction entry submitted to me on
May 28,2004.If you have any comments on it,kindly let me know.
I am ready to take up the next entry and contribute to FOLDOC.
Warm Regards,
Senthil
On Fri, 2004-05-28 at 06:01, Denis Howe wrote:
> ------- Start of forwarded message -------
> From: Charles T. Marie
> To: Denis Howe, Charles T. Marie
>
> Subject: Josephson device (i.e. Josephson junction)
> X-Host: 66-187-167-179.internetprovidersinc.com
> X-Url:
> http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci815055,00.html
> X-Browser: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; MSN 6.1;
> MSNbMSFT; MSNmen-us; MSNc00; v5m)
> Sender: Denis Howe
> Date: Mon, 29 Dec 2003 20:05:03 +0000
>
> *** EOOH ***
> From: Charles T. Marie
> To: Denis Howe, Charles T. Marie
>
> Subject: Josephson device (i.e. Josephson junction)
> X-Host: 66-187-167-179.internetprovidersinc.com
> X-Url:
> http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci815055,00.html
> X-Browser: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; MSN 6.1;
> MSNbMSFT; MSNmen-us; MSNc00; v5m)
> Sender: Denis Howe
> Date: Mon, 29 Dec 2003 20:05:03 +0000
>
> Josephson device (i.e. Josephson junction)
>
> Josephson junction (i.e. Josephson device - my comment)
>
> A Josephson junction is a type of electronic circuit capable of
> switching at very high speeds when operated at temperatures
> approaching absolute zero. Named for the British physicist who
> designed it, a Josephson junction exploits the phenomenon of
> superconductivity, the ability of certain materials to conduct
> electric current with practically zero resistance. Josephson junctions
> are used in certain specialized instruments such as highly-sensitive
> microwave detectors, magnetometers, and QUIDs. A Josephson junction
> is made up of two superconductors, separated by a nonsuperconducting
> layer so thin that electrons can cross through the insulating
> barrier. The flow of current between the superconductors in the
> absence of an applied voltage is called a Josephson current, and the
> movement of electrons across the barrier is known as Josephson
> tunneling. Two or more junctions joined by superconducting paths form
> what is called a Josephson interferometer.
>
> While researching superconductivity, Brian David Josephson studied the
> properties of a junction between two superconductors. Following up on
> earlier work by Leo Esaki and Ivar Giaever, he demonstrated that in a
> situation when there is electron flow between two superconductors
> through an insulating layer (in the absence of an applied voltage),
> and a voltage is applied, the current stops flowing and oscillates at
> a high frequency.
>
> The Josephson effect is influenced by magnetic fields in the vicinity,
> a capacity that enables the Josephson junction to be used in devices
> that measure extremely weak magnetic fields, such as superconducting
> quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). For their efforts, Josephson,
> Esaki, and Giaever shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1973.
> ------- End of forwarded message -------
>
> --
> Denis Howe
> Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing
> http://www.foldoc.org/
Put your brain in gear before starting your mouth in motion.
Rocky's Lemma of Innovation Prevention: Unless the results are known in
advance, funding agencies will reject the proposal.
From: O.R.Senthil Kumaran
To: Denis Howe
Cc: charlesmarie88@hotmail.com
Subject: Re: FOLDOC entry to edit: [Charles T. Marie
Date: Mon, 28 Jun 2004 22:40:37 +0530
Josepshson Junction
switching at very high speeds when operated at temperatures
approaching {absolute zero}.Its low power dissipation factor makes it
useful in {high density computer circuits}.
(2004-06-28)
----
Hi Denis,
Thanks again for providing me the oppurtunity to edit
FOLDOC. I have edited the Josephson Junction entry submitted to me on
May 28,2004.If you have any comments on it,kindly let me know.
I am ready to take up the next entry and contribute to FOLDOC.
Warm Regards,
Senthil
On Fri, 2004-05-28 at 06:01, Denis Howe wrote:
> ------- Start of forwarded message -------
> From: Charles T. Marie
> To: Denis Howe
>
> Subject: Josephson device (i.e. Josephson junction)
> X-Host: 66-187-167-179.internetprovidersinc.com
> X-Url:
> http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci815055,00.html
> X-Browser: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; MSN 6.1;
> MSNbMSFT; MSNmen-us; MSNc00; v5m)
> Sender: Denis Howe
> Date: Mon, 29 Dec 2003 20:05:03 +0000
>
> *** EOOH ***
> From: Charles T. Marie
> To: Denis Howe
>
> Subject: Josephson device (i.e. Josephson junction)
> X-Host: 66-187-167-179.internetprovidersinc.com
> X-Url:
> http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci815055,00.html
> X-Browser: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; MSN 6.1;
> MSNbMSFT; MSNmen-us; MSNc00; v5m)
> Sender: Denis Howe
> Date: Mon, 29 Dec 2003 20:05:03 +0000
>
> Josephson device (i.e. Josephson junction)
>
> Josephson junction (i.e. Josephson device - my comment)
>
> A Josephson junction is a type of electronic circuit capable of
> switching at very high speeds when operated at temperatures
> approaching absolute zero. Named for the British physicist who
> designed it, a Josephson junction exploits the phenomenon of
> superconductivity, the ability of certain materials to conduct
> electric current with practically zero resistance. Josephson junctions
> are used in certain specialized instruments such as highly-sensitive
> microwave detectors, magnetometers, and QUIDs. A Josephson junction
> is made up of two superconductors, separated by a nonsuperconducting
> layer so thin that electrons can cross through the insulating
> barrier. The flow of current between the superconductors in the
> absence of an applied voltage is called a Josephson current, and the
> movement of electrons across the barrier is known as Josephson
> tunneling. Two or more junctions joined by superconducting paths form
> what is called a Josephson interferometer.
>
> While researching superconductivity, Brian David Josephson studied the
> properties of a junction between two superconductors. Following up on
> earlier work by Leo Esaki and Ivar Giaever, he demonstrated that in a
> situation when there is electron flow between two superconductors
> through an insulating layer (in the absence of an applied voltage),
> and a voltage is applied, the current stops flowing and oscillates at
> a high frequency.
>
> The Josephson effect is influenced by magnetic fields in the vicinity,
> a capacity that enables the Josephson junction to be used in devices
> that measure extremely weak magnetic fields, such as superconducting
> quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). For their efforts, Josephson,
> Esaki, and Giaever shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1973.
> ------- End of forwarded message -------
>
> --
> Denis Howe
> Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing
> http://www.foldoc.org/
Put your brain in gear before starting your mouth in motion.
Rocky's Lemma of Innovation Prevention: Unless the results are known in
advance, funding agencies will reject the proposal.
Josephson Junction
Josepshson Junction
A type of {electronic} {circuit} capable of switching at very high speeds when operated at temperatures approaching {absolute zero}.Its low power dissipation factor makes ituseful in {high density computer circuits}. (2004-06-28)
Submitted my next FOLDOC entry Today to Denis Howe.
Thanks again to FOLDOC.
Submitted my next FOLDOC entry Today to Denis Howe.
Thanks again to FOLDOC.
Incorrect Tip
In the misc section:
Sending binary data files in ASCII-armored format without encryption
or signature (using pgp command line package.)
pgp -a < binary_filename>
This command instructs PGP to produce an ASCII-armored file called
filename.asc . The recipient uses the -p option to unwrap the message
and restore the sender s original filename.pgp -p filename.asc You can
then store the files in a email message or database table in text
format.
http://unixtips.org/index.php3?catList=8
---
This is Incorrect.
This does not work with GPG version 1.2.1
For gpg command to act, it requires an option as well as a command.
-a is an option and no command is being given.
Kindly remove this tip.
Regards,
Senthil
--
( I have included the Original Author of tips Id, If I am wrong in
understanding kindly let me know, but this tip failed in my box)
--
~~~
~~~
If you think before you speak, the other guy gets his joke in first.
~~~
~~~
Sending binary data files in ASCII-armored format without encryption
or signature (using pgp command line package.)
pgp -a < binary_filename>
This command instructs PGP to produce an ASCII-armored file called
filename.asc . The recipient uses the -p option to unwrap the message
and restore the sender s original filename.pgp -p filename.asc You can
then store the files in a email message or database table in text
format.
http://unixtips.org/index.php3?catList=8
---
This is Incorrect.
This does not work with GPG version 1.2.1
For gpg command to act, it requires an option as well as a command.
-a is an option and no command is being given.
Kindly remove this tip.
Regards,
Senthil
--
( I have included the Original Author of tips Id, If I am wrong in
understanding kindly let me know, but this tip failed in my box)
--
~~~
~~~
If you think before you speak, the other guy gets his joke in first.
~~~
~~~
Imported Phil Zimmermanns PGP Public Keys
As am Preparing for Blug meet,(I am really nervous,butI am keeping the basic rules in my mind). Just to check the concepts, I downloaded Phip Zimmermann's PGP Keys and imported to my Keyring and verified the Fingerprint ( Just for the sake of it). :)
Read the lg #103
There were many things useful.
Next Foldoc Entry to Edit: Josephson junction
Josephson junction
A Josephson junction is a type of electronic circuit capable of switching at very high speeds when operated at temperatures approaching absolute zero. Named for the British physicist who designed it, a Josephson junction exploits the phenomenon of superconductivity, the ability of certain materials to conduct electric current with practically zero resistance. Josephson junctions are used in certain specialized instruments such as highly-sensitive microwave detectors, magnetometers, and QUIDs.
A Josephson junction is made up of two superconductors, separated by a nonsuperconducting layer so thin that electrons can cross through the insulating barrier. The flow of current between the superconductors in the absence of an applied voltage is called a Josephson current, and the movement of electrons across the barrier is known as Josephson tunneling. Two or more junctions joined by superconducting paths form what is called a Josephson interferometer.
While researching superconductivity, Brian David Josephson studied the properties of a junction between two superconductors. Following up on earlier work by Leo Esaki and Ivar Giaever, he demonstrated that in a situation when there is electron flow between two superconductors through an insulating layer (in the absence of an applied voltage), and a voltage is applied, the current stops flowing and oscillates at a high frequency.
The Josephson effect is influenced by magnetic fields in the vicinity, a capacity that enables the Josephson junction to be used in devices that measure extremely weak magnetic fields, such as superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). For their efforts, Josephson, Esaki, and Giaever shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1973.
A superfast switch used in many computers. It consists of a thin layer of insulating material sandwiched between layers of superconducting material.
Consists of two superconductors separated by a thin insulating barrier. Is in fast electronic switches or sensitive magnetometers.
As before, welcome for discussion.
So need to Submit by June 28 to FOLDOC (But,I guess I would be sooner this time, since... I would like to :)
A Josephson junction is made up of two superconductors, separated by a nonsuperconducting layer so thin that electrons can cross through the insulating barrier. The flow of current between the superconductors in the absence of an applied voltage is called a Josephson current, and the movement of electrons across the barrier is known as Josephson tunneling. Two or more junctions joined by superconducting paths form what is called a Josephson interferometer.
While researching superconductivity, Brian David Josephson studied the properties of a junction between two superconductors. Following up on earlier work by Leo Esaki and Ivar Giaever, he demonstrated that in a situation when there is electron flow between two superconductors through an insulating layer (in the absence of an applied voltage), and a voltage is applied, the current stops flowing and oscillates at a high frequency.
The Josephson effect is influenced by magnetic fields in the vicinity, a capacity that enables the Josephson junction to be used in devices that measure extremely weak magnetic fields, such as superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). For their efforts, Josephson, Esaki, and Giaever shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1973.
As before, welcome for discussion.
So need to Submit by June 28 to FOLDOC (But,I guess I would be sooner this time, since... I would like to :)
Extensible Programming for 21st Century
Read this article about Extensible programming for 21st century. It gives a programming model of the future, while analysing the so far existant programming models.
this was a good read to know more abt these models.
Will visit again some day.
this was a good read to know more abt these models.
Will visit again some day.
Programmers and Builders
If the builders built building the way programmers wrote programs,
then the first woodpecker to come along would destroy civilization.
then the first woodpecker to come along would destroy civilization.
The C Programming Language and the Rest
I am still styding the C Programming Language Book. My aim is to complete the book ( with a good number of iterations) and solve all the problems in the book.
At the end of it, I have to write a small editor.
After this is completed, I have to give my RHCE exam.
For the 11th hour preparation for RHCE, I came across thid link today,posted in our internal groups.
But,priority to the C Learning First.
At the end of it, I have to write a small editor.
After this is completed, I have to give my RHCE exam.
For the 11th hour preparation for RHCE, I came across thid link today,posted in our internal groups.
But,priority to the C Learning First.
clause - FOLDOC Entry
clause
1.A {logical formula} in {conjunctive normal form},
which has the {schema}
p1 ^ ...^ pm => q1 V ... V qn.
or,equivalently
~p1 V ... V ~pn V q1 V ... V qn,
where pi and qi are {atoms}.
The operators ~,^,V,=> are connectives,where ~ stands for a
{negation},^ for a {conjunction},V for a {disjunction} and =>
for an {implication}.
2.A part of a {SQL} statement that does not constitute
a full statement; for e.g. a "WHERE clause".
(2004-5-15)
Was sent to me on Apr 7, took a little extra time to edit.
Thanks FOLDOC
copy and paste in vim
Now, this was stupid. I had not figured out how to do copy-paste in vim editor.
At last now, I got it. Thanks to google and Linux Novice
HOWTO Copy and Paste in VIM Editor.
These Steps Assume you are in the Command Mode.
Step 1: Move your Cursor to the Starting Point of the text tobe Copied .
Step 2: Press v. The Mode changes to Visual.
Step 3: Move your Cursor now to the Ending point of the text tobe Copied.
Step 4: Press y This will copy the text in the buffer and lead to the starting point again.
Step 5: Move your Cursor to the position where you want to paste the text.
Step 6: Press p
YO!
At last now, I got it. Thanks to google and Linux Novice
HOWTO Copy and Paste in VIM Editor.
These Steps Assume you are in the Command Mode.
Step 1: Move your Cursor to the Starting Point of the text tobe Copied .
Step 2: Press v. The Mode changes to Visual.
Step 3: Move your Cursor now to the Ending point of the text tobe Copied.
Step 4: Press y This will copy the text in the buffer and lead to the starting point again.
Step 5: Move your Cursor to the position where you want to paste the text.
Step 6: Press p
YO!
The Logic Behind being Crazy
Most real innovation is done by crazy people doing crazy things. The keys are:
Learn all you can before you go adventuring.
Don't be afraid to make mistakes.
Only make new mistakes.
Keep your eyes open.
Don't just look straight ahead: develop your peripheral vision.
It's the things that go in unexpected directions are the most important.
James Gosling in his Java Blog
Learn all you can before you go adventuring.
Don't be afraid to make mistakes.
Only make new mistakes.
Keep your eyes open.
Don't just look straight ahead: develop your peripheral vision.
It's the things that go in unexpected directions are the most important.
James Gosling in his Java Blog
Geek Humor
Geek humor: If you take a close look at the form Google filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the exact value of its planned offering is $2,718,281,828 dollars, which some would immediately recognize as the mathematical constant e.
Notes on Programming in C by Rob Pike
The following data structures are a complete list for almost all practical programs:
array
linked list
hash table
binary tree
Of course, you must also be prepared to collect these into compound data structures.
Rob Pike
array
linked list
hash table
binary tree
Of course, you must also be prepared to collect these into compound data structures.
Rob Pike
Just to check
char p[]={0x4F,0x20,0x52,0x20,0x53,0x65,0x6E,0x74,0x68,0x69,0x6C,0x20,0x4B,0x75,0x6D,0x61,0x72,0x61,0x6E,0x00};
used man ascii and learnt some...
used man ascii and learnt some...
lucubration
lucubration \loo-kyoo-BRAY-shun; loo-kuh-\, noun:
1. The act of studying by candlelight; nocturnal study; meditation.
2. That which is composed by night; that which is produced by meditation in retirement; hence (loosely) any literary composition.
1. The act of studying by candlelight; nocturnal study; meditation.
2. That which is composed by night; that which is produced by meditation in retirement; hence (loosely) any literary composition.
Programming Humor
- "The primary purpose of the DATA statement is to give names to constants; instead of
referring to pi as 3.141592653589793 at every appearance, the variable PI can be given
that value with a DATA statement and used instead of the longer form of the constant.
This also simplifies modifying the program, should the value of pi change."
- FORTRAN manual for Xerox computers - "Programming graphics in X is like finding sqrt(pi) using Roman numerals."
- Henry Spencer - Real programmers are surprised when the odometers in their cars don't turn from 99,999 to A0000.
- Any sufficiently advanced bug is indistinguishable from a feature.
- COBOL programmers understand why women hate periods.
- Computer interfaces and user interfaces are as different as night and 1.
- If God had intended humans to program, we would be born with serial I/O ports.
- There are two ways to write error-free programs; only the third one works.
Swapping variables without dummy
This seems to be Old Programming School Practise. Came to know from Ariya.
a ^=b;
b ^=a;
a ^=b;
In C Programming, ^ stands for Exclusive OR.
Lets expand this expression and denote an and bn for new values of a and b then,
bn = b xor ( a xor b) = b xor a xor b = a
an = a xor ( b xor a) = a xor b xor a = b
a ^=b;
b ^=a;
a ^=b;
In C Programming, ^ stands for Exclusive OR.
Lets expand this expression and denote an and bn for new values of a and b then,
bn = b xor ( a xor b) = b xor a xor b = a
an = a xor ( b xor a) = a xor b xor a = b
Unix and Internet Fundamentals HOWTO
ESR's HOWTO on Unix and Internet Fundamentals is very good. It was crisp and effective.
Will give a good start for any beginner and also may bridge the gaps when you have a rough idea.
This was not just about Unix and Internet, but about Computers, OS and all the basic things one needs to be aware of.
Read the Linux Reading List HOWTO also by the same author.
Will give a good start for any beginner and also may bridge the gaps when you have a rough idea.
This was not just about Unix and Internet, but about Computers, OS and all the basic things one needs to be aware of.
Read the Linux Reading List HOWTO also by the same author.
FOLDOC entry to edit:clause
FOLDOC entry to edit: [Yuanqing Zhu [drinking201ATyahoo.com.cn]: clause]
This is a logic programming thing. Needs a bit more explanation I think.
------- Start of forwarded message -------
From: Yuanqing Zhu [drinking201ATyahoo.com.cn]
To: Denis Howe [dbhATdoc.ic.ac.uk], Yuanqing Zhu [rinking201ATyahoo.com.cn]
Subject: clause
X-Host:
X-Url: sendnew
X-Browser: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.0)
Sender: Denis Howe
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 2003 07:31:53 +0000
clause
definition of clause:the disconjuction form of literals reference:Microsoft Computer Dictionary
------- End of forwarded message -------
--
Denis Howe
Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing
http://www.foldoc.org/
Need to Complete this by 7 th of May.
As before, you are welcome for discussion on this topic.
This is a logic programming thing. Needs a bit more explanation I think.
------- Start of forwarded message -------
From: Yuanqing Zhu [drinking201ATyahoo.com.cn]
To: Denis Howe [dbhATdoc.ic.ac.uk], Yuanqing Zhu [rinking201ATyahoo.com.cn]
Subject: clause
X-Host:
X-Url: sendnew
X-Browser: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.0)
Sender: Denis Howe
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 2003 07:31:53 +0000
clause
definition of clause:the disconjuction form of literals reference:Microsoft Computer Dictionary
------- End of forwarded message -------
--
Denis Howe
Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing
http://www.foldoc.org/
Need to Complete this by 7 th of May.
As before, you are welcome for discussion on this topic.
fourth generation language
I was given a oppurtunity to edit a FOLDOC entry.
I am happy to see it published now. You may enjoy reading the definition about 4GL.
Here is format I submitted sometime December last week of 2003.( It was during /on Christmas)
fourth generation language
(4GL) An "application specific" language, one with built-in knowledge of an application domain, similar to {SQL} having the built-in knowledge of database domain.
The term was invented by Jim Martin to refer to {non-procedural}{ high level languages} built around {database} systems.
The fourth generation language (4GL) was designed to be very close to natural language to ease the programming process and with the idea that certain applications could be generalised by adding limited programming ability to them.
The fourth generation language are called Report Generated languages, because when fed a description of data format and the report to generate,they turned that into a {COBOL} ( or another 3GL,which actually contained the commands to read and process the data) and placed the results on the page.
Some examples of 4GL are : {SQL}; {Focus}, {Metafont},
{PostScript}, {S}, {IDL-PV/WAVE}, {Gauss},
{Mathematica}; and {data-stream languages} such as {AVS},
{APE}, {Iris Explorer}.
Enjoy the Formal entry here: 4GL
Thanks!
BTW, FOLDOC really great and helping me improve my knowledge in Computer Science.
Thanks Denis Howe!
I am happy to see it published now. You may enjoy reading the definition about 4GL.
Here is format I submitted sometime December last week of 2003.( It was during /on Christmas)
fourth generation language
The term was invented by Jim Martin to refer to {non-procedural}{ high level languages} built around {database} systems.
The fourth generation language (4GL) was designed to be very close to natural language to ease the programming process and with the idea that certain applications could be generalised by adding limited programming ability to them.
The fourth generation language are called Report Generated languages, because when fed a description of data format and the report to generate,they turned that into a {COBOL} ( or another 3GL,which actually contained the commands to read and process the data) and placed the results on the page.
Some examples of 4GL are : {SQL}; {Focus}, {Metafont},
{PostScript}, {S}, {IDL-PV/WAVE}, {Gauss},
{Mathematica}; and {data-stream languages} such as {AVS},
{APE}, {Iris Explorer}.
Enjoy the Formal entry here: 4GL
Thanks!
BTW, FOLDOC really great and helping me improve my knowledge in Computer Science.
Thanks Denis Howe!
Really Simple and Atomized Syndication
factorial shell script
#!/bin/sh
function factorial()
{
N=$1
A=1
while test $N -gt 0 ; do
A = `expr $A '*' $N`
N = `expr $N - 1`
done
echo $A
}
factorial
It is giving me a message that unary operator is expected at line 6 which is
while test $N - gt 0 ; do
function factorial()
{
N=$1
A=1
while test $N -gt 0 ; do
A = `expr $A '*' $N`
N = `expr $N - 1`
done
echo $A
}
factorial
It is giving me a message that unary operator is expected at line 6 which is
while test $N - gt 0 ; do
agp0: trying to bind to stolen memory.
This should be helpful in understanding this issue:
http://www.chzsoft.com.ar/855patch.html
- shall try it out and post the results later.
Had the following discussion, which helped me get to this.
--] You are now talking on #linux
--- Topic for #linux is Linux discussion. Read lwn.net. cut-n-paste != code reuse
--- Topic for #linux set by mdomsch_hm at Sat Jan 31 03:28:46
[senthil_or] Hi posted at linux-testers.[drm:i830_wait_ring] *ERROR* lockup
--] JerryDinh (JerryDinh@33f0f94f.23fa4838.amer.dell.com) has joined #linux
[mdomsch] senthil_or: saw it, no idea
[mdomsch] I had something similar on [= RHL8 with my Latitude C400
[mdomsch] but was fixed with newer DRM and XFree in RHL9
[mdomsch] RHEL3 should be fine in that regard.
[senthil_or] Nope, I am using RH3 but still getting it constantly
[senthil_or] Matt,one more thing. This is another problem X11 , posted here http://snipurl.com/4ax0
[senthil_or] have got any pointers ?
[mdomsch] Red Hat XFree86 SRPM?
[mdomsch] They may well have something in there to address this which hasn't made it upstream yet.
[senthil_or] the question at google groups ( usenet) related to Xfree86 latest failing when used with Freebsd but Fedora/RH worked fine
[senthil_or] agp0: trying to bind to stolen memory was the error, unable to figure out how to resolve
[mdomsch] yeah, I read it.
[mdomsch] "stolen memory" is system RAM being used by the video adapter as video memory
[mdomsch] some is reserved by the BIOS at boot time, but generally only 1MB
[mdomsch] which isn't enough for most video modes
[mdomsch] So the i830 X driver needs to "steal" more (16MB or more)
[mebrown] 855patch.tar.gz
[mdomsch] in the SRPM?
[senthil_or] ok..i see
[mebrown] i have D500. google for 855patch. it lets you set the amount of ram to use.
[senthil_or] Yeah, got the link - It offers good explaination of whats happend. Shall Try that. Thanks Matt!! :)
[mdomsch] thank mebrown
http://www.chzsoft.com.ar/855patch.html
- shall try it out and post the results later.
Had the following discussion, which helped me get to this.
--] You are now talking on #linux
--- Topic for #linux is Linux discussion. Read lwn.net. cut-n-paste != code reuse
--- Topic for #linux set by mdomsch_hm at Sat Jan 31 03:28:46
[senthil_or] Hi posted at linux-testers.[drm:i830_wait_ring] *ERROR* lockup
--] JerryDinh (JerryDinh@33f0f94f.23fa4838.amer.dell.com) has joined #linux
[mdomsch] senthil_or: saw it, no idea
[mdomsch] I had something similar on [= RHL8 with my Latitude C400
[mdomsch] but was fixed with newer DRM and XFree in RHL9
[mdomsch] RHEL3 should be fine in that regard.
[senthil_or] Nope, I am using RH3 but still getting it constantly
[senthil_or] Matt,one more thing. This is another problem X11 , posted here http://snipurl.com/4ax0
[senthil_or] have got any pointers ?
[mdomsch] Red Hat XFree86 SRPM?
[mdomsch] They may well have something in there to address this which hasn't made it upstream yet.
[senthil_or] the question at google groups ( usenet) related to Xfree86 latest failing when used with Freebsd but Fedora/RH worked fine
[senthil_or] agp0: trying to bind to stolen memory was the error, unable to figure out how to resolve
[mdomsch] yeah, I read it.
[mdomsch] "stolen memory" is system RAM being used by the video adapter as video memory
[mdomsch] some is reserved by the BIOS at boot time, but generally only 1MB
[mdomsch] which isn't enough for most video modes
[mdomsch] So the i830 X driver needs to "steal" more (16MB or more)
[mebrown] 855patch.tar.gz
[mdomsch] in the SRPM?
[senthil_or] ok..i see
[mebrown] i have D500. google for 855patch. it lets you set the amount of ram to use.
[senthil_or] Yeah, got the link - It offers good explaination of whats happend. Shall Try that. Thanks Matt!! :)
[mdomsch] thank mebrown
Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs
MIT's Opencourseware. - Thanking you.
This book is dedicated, in respect and admiration, to the spirit that lives in the computer.
``I think that it's extraordinarily important that we in computer science keep fun in computing. When it started out, it was an awful lot of fun. Of course, the paying customers got shafted every now and then, and after a while we began to take their complaints seriously. We began to feel as if we really were responsible for the successful, error-free perfect use of these machines. I don't think we are. I think we're responsible for stretching them, setting them off in new directions, and keeping fun in the house. I hope the field of computer science never loses its sense of fun. Above all, I hope we don't become missionaries. Don't feel as if you're Bible salesmen. The world has too many of those already. What you know about computing other people will learn. Don't feel as if the key to successful computing is only in your hands. What's in your hands, I think and hope, is intelligence: the ability to see the machine as more than when you were first led up to it, that you can make it more.''
Alan J. Perlis (April 1, 1922-February 7, 1990)
This book is dedicated, in respect and admiration, to the spirit that lives in the computer.
``I think that it's extraordinarily important that we in computer science keep fun in computing. When it started out, it was an awful lot of fun. Of course, the paying customers got shafted every now and then, and after a while we began to take their complaints seriously. We began to feel as if we really were responsible for the successful, error-free perfect use of these machines. I don't think we are. I think we're responsible for stretching them, setting them off in new directions, and keeping fun in the house. I hope the field of computer science never loses its sense of fun. Above all, I hope we don't become missionaries. Don't feel as if you're Bible salesmen. The world has too many of those already. What you know about computing other people will learn. Don't feel as if the key to successful computing is only in your hands. What's in your hands, I think and hope, is intelligence: the ability to see the machine as more than when you were first led up to it, that you can make it more.''
Alan J. Perlis (April 1, 1922-February 7, 1990)
Deamons vs Penguins
This discussion on BSD and the way it is different from Linux was good.
http://www.over-yonder.net/~fullermd/rants/bsd4linux/bsd4linux1.php
For anyone who has at anytime just got a look and feel of BSD would make a good read.
http://www.over-yonder.net/~fullermd/rants/bsd4linux/bsd4linux1.php
For anyone who has at anytime just got a look and feel of BSD would make a good read.
ls -t
ls -t will sort the files present in the directory with timeline- recently accessed files first.
But, following TUPE, I created a file called -t using ed.
I am try to ls that -t file.
even tried
ls '-t'
ls \-t
but it is not working.
trying to find a way to get around the option -t and list the file -t
But, following TUPE, I created a file called -t using ed.
I am try to ls that -t file.
even tried
ls '-t'
ls \-t
but it is not working.
trying to find a way to get around the option -t and list the file -t
Got the Answer from a friend
ls -- -t
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